feat(inputs.system): Add hardware information

[bilkoua]

Summary

This is the third step of the plan agreed in #18533: add a hardware value to the include option of inputs.system that emits a separate system_hardware measurement with BIOS, baseboard, chassis and product information from DMI/SMBIOS.

The data is gathered through github.com/jaypipes/ghw for cross-platform support. On Linux ghw reads from /sys/class/dmi/id/ and does not require root access for most fields; only serial numbers and asset tags are restricted by the kernel. On Windows ghw queries WMI. macOS, BSD and Solaris are not supported by ghw, so on those platforms Init logs a warning and the metric is not emitted, mirroring the pattern used in inputs.mem for collect_extended.

The result is cached for hardware_cache_ttl (default 8h) between gathers since DMI/SMBIOS data is effectively static for the life of the machine; the TTL handling matches the convention used for os_cache_ttl introduced in #18834.

Fields emitted by the system_hardware measurement

Field	Type	Source
bios_vendor	string	BIOS information
bios_version	string	BIOS information
bios_date	string	BIOS information
board_vendor	string	Baseboard / motherboard
board_product	string	Baseboard / motherboard
board_version	string	Baseboard / motherboard
chassis_vendor	string	Chassis / enclosure
chassis_type	string	Chassis type code (numeric, per SMBIOS DSP0134)
chassis_type_description	string	Chassis type description (e.g. Desktop, Notebook)
chassis_version	string	Chassis / enclosure
product_vendor	string	System product
product_name	string	System product
product_family	string	System product

For chassis_type both the raw code and the human-readable description are emitted, similar to how inputs.burrow and inputs.ceph expose status_code alongside status.

Fields whose value cannot be determined are omitted from the metric.

Backward compatibility

The default include set is unchanged, so existing deployments keep emitting only the system measurement and do not see the new system_hardware metric until they opt in.

Example output

system_hardware,host=worker-01 bios_vendor="Dell Inc.",bios_version="2.18.0",bios_date="04/12/2024",board_vendor="Dell Inc.",board_product="0X3D66",chassis_vendor="Dell Inc.",chassis_type="23",chassis_type_description="Rack mount chassis",product_vendor="Dell Inc.",product_name="PowerEdge R750" 1748000000000000000

Checklist

• No AI generated code was used in this PR
• AI generated code used in this PR follows the InfluxData Policy on AI-Generated Code Contributions

[bilkoua]

@skartikey @srebhan @Hipska Hi, could you take a look at this PR when you have a moment?

[srebhan]

Thanks for your contribution @bilkoua! Some comments from my side...

[srebhan]

Thanks @bilkoua! A few more comments with the most important one being that we cannot gather in Init...

[bilkoua]

@srebhan @Hipska Thanks for the review!
Could you take another look?

[srebhan]

Awesome! Thanks @bilkoua!

[skartikey]

@bilkoua Thanks for the contribution!

[telegraf-tiger]

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Artifact URLs

. DEB	. RPM	. TAR . GZ	. ZIP
amd64.deb	aarch64.rpm	darwin_amd64.tar.gz	windows_amd64.zip
arm64.deb	armel.rpm	darwin_arm64.tar.gz	windows_arm64.zip
armel.deb	armv6hl.rpm	freebsd_amd64.tar.gz	windows_i386.zip
armhf.deb	i386.rpm	freebsd_armv7.tar.gz
i386.deb	ppc64le.rpm	freebsd_i386.tar.gz
mips.deb	riscv64.rpm	linux_amd64.tar.gz
mipsel.deb	s390x.rpm	linux_arm64.tar.gz
ppc64el.deb	x86_64.rpm	linux_armel.tar.gz
riscv64.deb		linux_armhf.tar.gz
s390x.deb		linux_i386.tar.gz
		linux_mips.tar.gz
		linux_mipsel.tar.gz
		linux_ppc64le.tar.gz
		linux_riscv64.tar.gz
		linux_s390x.tar.gz