fix: prevent redundant native exceptions on Android/Mono

integration-test/android.Tests.ps1

@@ -177,13 +177,8 @@ Describe 'MAUI app (<dotnet_version>, <configuration>)' -ForEach $cases -Skip:(-
         Dump-ServerErrors -Result $result
         $result.HasErrors() | Should -BeFalse
         $result.Events() | Should -AnyElementMatch "`"type`":`"System.NullReferenceException`""
-        # TODO: fix redundant SIGSEGV in Release (#3954)
-        if ($configuration -eq "Release") {
-            { $result.Events() | Should -Not -AnyElementMatch "`"type`":`"SIGSEGV`"" } | Should -Throw
-        } else {
-            $result.Events() | Should -Not -AnyElementMatch "`"type`":`"SIGSEGV`""
-            $result.Events() | Should -HaveCount 1
-        }
+        $result.Events() | Should -Not -AnyElementMatch "`"type`":`"SIGSEGV`""
+        $result.Events() | Should -HaveCount 1
     }
 
     It 'Delivers battery breadcrumbs in main thread (<configuration>)' {

integration-test/net9-maui/MauiProgram.cs

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ public static MauiApp CreateMauiApp()
             {
 #if ANDROID
                 options.Dsn = "{{SENTRY_DSN}}";
+                options.Native.ExperimentalOptions.SignalHandlerStrategy = Sentry.Android.SignalHandlerStrategy.ChainAtStart;
 #endif
                 options.Debug = false;
                 options.DiagnosticLevel = SentryLevel.Error;

src/Sentry/Platforms/Android/BindableNativeSentryOptions.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+using Sentry.Android;
+
 // ReSharper disable once CheckNamespace
 namespace Sentry;
 
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ public class NativeOptions
         internal class NativeExperimentalOptions
         {
             public NativeSentryReplayOptions SessionReplay { get; set; } = new();
+            public SignalHandlerStrategy? SignalHandlerStrategy { get; set; }
         }
 
         internal class NativeSentryReplayOptions
@@ -91,6 +94,10 @@ public void ApplyTo(SentryOptions.NativeOptions options)
             }
             ExperimentalOptions.SessionReplay.RedactAllText = options.ExperimentalOptions.SessionReplay.MaskAllText;
             ExperimentalOptions.SessionReplay.RedactAllImages = options.ExperimentalOptions.SessionReplay.MaskAllImages;
+            if (ExperimentalOptions.SignalHandlerStrategy is { } signalHandlerStrategy)
+            {
+                options.ExperimentalOptions.SignalHandlerStrategy = signalHandlerStrategy;
+            }
         }
     }
 }

src/Sentry/Platforms/Android/NativeOptions.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+using Sentry.Android;
+
 // ReSharper disable once CheckNamespace
 namespace Sentry;
 
@@ -264,6 +266,20 @@ public void AddInAppInclude(string prefix)
         public class NativeExperimentalOptions
         {
             public NativeSentryReplayOptions SessionReplay { get; set; } = new();
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Gets or sets the strategy for how Sentry Native's signal handler interacts with the CLR/Mono
+            /// signal handler.
+            /// The default value is <see cref="Android.SignalHandlerStrategy.Default"/>.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <remarks>
+            /// .NET runtimes 10.0.0–10.0.3 (.NET SDKs 10.0.100–10.0.103) are not compatible with
+            /// <see cref="Android.SignalHandlerStrategy.ChainAtStart"/>. On affected versions,
+            /// the SDK automatically falls back to <see cref="Android.SignalHandlerStrategy.Default"/>.
+            /// The issue was resolved in .NET runtime 10.0.4 (.NET SDK 10.0.200). See
+            /// <see href="https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/123346">dotnet/runtime#123346</see>.
+            /// </remarks>
+            public SignalHandlerStrategy SignalHandlerStrategy { get; set; } = SignalHandlerStrategy.Default;
         }
 
         public class NativeSentryReplayOptions

src/Sentry/Platforms/Android/SentrySdk.cs

@@ -64,7 +64,22 @@ private static void InitSentryAndroidSdk(SentryOptions options)
             o.ServerName = options.ServerName;
             o.SessionTrackingIntervalMillis = (long)options.AutoSessionTrackingInterval.TotalMilliseconds;
             o.ShutdownTimeoutMillis = (long)options.ShutdownTimeout.TotalMilliseconds;
-            o.SetNativeHandlerStrategy(JavaSdk.Android.Core.NdkHandlerStrategy.SentryHandlerStrategyDefault);
+
+            var signalHandlerStrategy = options.Native.ExperimentalOptions.SignalHandlerStrategy;
+            if (signalHandlerStrategy == SignalHandlerStrategy.ChainAtStart
+                && System.Environment.Version is { Major: 10, Minor: 0, Build: < 4 })
+            {
+                options.LogWarning(
+                    "SignalHandlerStrategy.ChainAtStart is not compatible with .NET runtime {0}. " +
+                    "Falling back to SignalHandlerStrategy.Default. Update to .NET runtime 10.0.4 or later.",
+                    System.Environment.Version);
+                signalHandlerStrategy = SignalHandlerStrategy.Default;
+            }
+            o.SetNativeHandlerStrategy(signalHandlerStrategy switch
+            {
+                SignalHandlerStrategy.ChainAtStart => NdkHandlerStrategy.SentryHandlerStrategyChainAtStart,
+                _ => NdkHandlerStrategy.SentryHandlerStrategyDefault
+            });
 
             if (options.CacheDirectoryPath is { } cacheDirectoryPath)
             {

src/Sentry/Platforms/Android/SignalHandlerStrategy.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+namespace Sentry.Android;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Defines how Sentry Native's signal handler interacts with the CLR/Mono
+/// signal handler.
+/// </summary>
+public enum SignalHandlerStrategy
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Sentry Native captures the crash first, then invokes the .NET runtime's signal
+    /// handler. The runtime may convert the same signal into a managed exception (e.g.,
+    /// <c>SIGSEGV</c> into <c>NullReferenceException</c>), which can result in duplicate
+    /// crash reports.
+    /// </summary>
+    Default,
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Sentry Native invokes the .NET runtime's signal handler first, then captures the
+    /// native crash. This avoids duplicate crash reports from both the native signal and
+    /// the managed exception. This strategy is supported on Android 8.0 (API level 26)
+    /// and later; on older versions, Sentry Native silently falls back to
+    /// <see cref="Default"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// .NET runtimes 10.0.0–10.0.3 (.NET SDKs 10.0.100–10.0.103) are not compatible with
+    /// this strategy. On affected versions, the SDK automatically falls back to
+    /// <see cref="Default"/>. The issue was resolved in .NET runtime 10.0.4
+    /// (.NET SDK 10.0.200). See
+    /// <see href="https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/123346">dotnet/runtime#123346</see>.
+    /// </remarks>
+    ChainAtStart
+}