feat(Docker): add Docker deployment files

[andiariffin]

Add Docker deployment support

This PR adds Docker deployment configuration for the Carbon app, enabling easy containerized deployment across different environments and architectures.

What's Added

• Multi-stage Dockerfile - Optimized build with separate deps, builder, and runtime stages
• Docker Compose configuration - Simple orchestration with health checks and restart policies
• Docker ignore file - Excludes unnecessary files for faster builds and smaller images
• Deployment README - Complete documentation with setup instructions and troubleshooting

File Structure

deploy/
└── docker/
    ├── Dockerfile
    ├── docker-compose.yml
    ├── .dockerignore
    └── README.md

Quick Start

cd deploy/docker
docker-compose up --build -d

Access at http://localhost:3000

Features

• Platform agnostic - Works on x86_64, ARM64, and other Docker-supported architectures
• Production ready - Non-root user, health checks, and optimized builds
• Developer friendly - Simple commands with comprehensive documentation
• Lightweight - Multi-stage build reduces final image size
• Secure - Runs as non-privileged user with minimal attack surface

Configuration

Environment variables can be customized in docker-compose.yml:

• NODE_ENV - Runtime environment
• NEXT_TELEMETRY_DISABLED - Telemetry settings
• PORT - Application port

Testing

• Builds successfully on x86_64
• Builds successfully on ARM64 (Apple Silicon)
• Application starts and serves correctly
• Health checks pass
• Documentation is complete and accurate

Closes

Addresses community requests for official Docker support mentioned in #1378

[vercel]

@andiariffin is attempting to deploy a commit to the Carbon Team on Vercel.

A member of the Team first needs to authorize it.