feat(monitoring): comprehensive Prometheus monitoring stack v2

tools/monitoring/Dockerfile.exporter

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+FROM python:3.11-slim
+WORKDIR /app
+RUN pip install requests prometheus_client
+COPY prometheus_exporter.py .
+EXPOSE 8000
+CMD ["python", "prometheus_exporter.py", "--listen-port", "8000"]

tools/monitoring/README.md

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+# RustChain Prometheus Monitoring Stack
+
+Comprehensive monitoring solution for RustChain nodes using Prometheus metrics collection and Grafana visualization.
+
+## Features
+
+- **Prometheus Exporter**: Python-based exporter collecting RustChain node metrics
+- **Pre-built Grafana Dashboard**: Ready-to-import dashboard with 10 panels
+- **Docker Compose Setup**: One-command deployment for the entire stack
+- **Systemd Service**: Persistent background service for bare-metal deployments
+
+## Quick Start (Docker Compose)
+
+```bash
+# Navigate to the RustChain root directory
+cd /path/to/Rustchain
+
+# Launch the full monitoring stack
+docker-compose -f tools/monitoring/docker-compose.monitoring.yml up -d
+
+# View logs
+docker-compose -f tools/monitoring/docker-compose.monitoring.yml logs -f
+```
+
+Access services:
+- **Grafana**: http://localhost:3000 (admin/rustchain123)
+- **Prometheus**: http://localhost:9090
+
+## Standalone Python Setup
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+```bash
+pip install requests prometheus_client
+```
+
+### Run the Exporter
+
+```bash
+python prometheus_exporter.py \
+  --node-url http://50.28.86.131 \
+  --listen-port 8000 \
+  --scrape-interval 30
+```
+
+### Environment Variables
+
+| Variable | Default | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `RUSTCHAIN_NODE` | `http://50.28.86.131` | RustChain node API URL |
+| `EXPORTER_PORT` | `8000` | Port to listen on |
+| `SCRAPE_INTERVAL` | `30` | Scrape interval in seconds |
+| `TLS_VERIFY` | `false` | Verify TLS certificates |
+
+### Configuration File (JSON)
+
+Create `config.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "node_url": "http://50.28.86.131",
+  "listen_port": 8000,
+  "scrape_interval": 30,
+  "request_timeout": 10
+}
+```
+
+Run with config:
+
+```bash
+python prometheus_exporter.py --config config.json
+```
+
+## Systemd Service Setup
+
+### Installation
+
+```bash
+# Copy the service file
+sudo cp rustchain-exporter.service /etc/systemd/system/
+
+# Edit the service file to set your paths
+sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/rustchain-exporter.service
+
+# Reload systemd
+sudo systemctl daemon-reload
+
+# Enable and start
+sudo systemctl enable rustchain-exporter
+sudo systemctl start rustchain-exporter
+
+# Check status
+sudo systemctl status rustchain-exporter
+```
+
+### Service File Configuration
+
+Edit `/etc/systemd/system/rustchain-exporter.service` and set:
+- `WorkingDirectory` to the monitoring directory path
+- `Environment` variables for your node URL and port
+
+## Grafana Dashboard Import
+
+1. Open Grafana at http://localhost:3000
+2. Login with admin credentials
+3. Click **+** → **Import**
+4. Upload `grafana_dashboard.json` or paste its contents
+5. Select Prometheus datasource (or create one pointing to `http://prometheus:9090`)
+6. Click **Import**
+
+### Dashboard Panels
+
+| Panel | Metric | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| Node Health | `rustchain_node_up` | Up/Down status indicator |
+| Current Epoch | `rustchain_epoch_current` | Current epoch number |
+| Current Slot | `rustchain_epoch_slot` | Current slot in epoch |
+| Active Miners | `rustchain_active_miners` | Count of active miners |
+| RTC Supply | `rustchain_total_rtc_supply` | Total RTC token supply |
+| Epoch Pot | `rustchain_epoch_pot` | Current epoch reward pot |
+| API Response Time | `rustchain_api_response_time_seconds` | Per-endpoint response times |
+| API Requests Total | `rustchain_api_requests_total` | Request count by endpoint/status |
+| Scrape Errors | `rustchain_scrape_errors_total` | Error breakdown by type |
+| Scrape Duration | `rustchain_scrape_duration_seconds` | Time per scrape cycle |
+
+## Prometheus Configuration
+
+The `prometheus.yml` file configures Prometheus to scrape the exporter:
+
+```yaml
+global:
+  scrape_interval: 30s
+  evaluation_interval: 30s
+
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: 'rustchain-exporter'
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ['rustchain-exporter:8000']
+```
+
+## Metrics Reference
+
+| Metric | Type | Labels | Description |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `rustchain_node_up` | Gauge | node_url | Node availability (1=up, 0=down) |
+| `rustchain_node_version` | Info | node_url, version | Node software version |
+| `rustchain_node_uptime_seconds` | Gauge | node_url | Node uptime |
+| `rustchain_epoch_current` | Gauge | node_url | Current epoch number |
+| `rustchain_epoch_slot` | Gauge | node_url | Current slot |
+| `rustchain_epoch_pot` | Gauge | node_url | Epoch reward pot |
+| `rustchain_block_height` | Gauge | node_url | Current block height |
+| `rustchain_total_miners` | Gauge | node_url | Total registered miners |
+| `rustchain_active_miners` | Gauge | node_url | Active miners count |
+| `rustchain_total_rtc_supply` | Gauge | node_url | Total RTC supply |
+| `rustchain_api_response_time_seconds` | Gauge | node_url, endpoint | API response time |
+| `rustchain_scrape_errors_total` | Counter | node_url, error_type | Scrape error count |
+| `rustchain_api_requests_total` | Counter | node_url, endpoint, status | Total API requests |
+| `rustchain_scrape_duration_seconds` | Gauge | node_url | Scrape cycle duration |
+| `rustchain_epoch_block_time_avg` | Gauge | node_url | Average block time in epoch |
+| `rustchain_miner_antiquity_distribution` | Histogram | node_url | Miner antiquity score distribution |
+| `rustchain_tx_pool_size` | Gauge | node_url | Pending transaction pool size |
+
+## Endpoints Scraped
+
+The exporter queries these RustChain API endpoints:
+
+- `GET /health` - Node health and version
+- `GET /epoch` - Epoch info (number, slot, pot, supply)
+- `GET /api/miners` - Miner list (active/total counts)
+- `GET /tx/pool` - Transaction pool size
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### Exporter not responding
+
+Check logs: `docker logs rustchain-exporter` or `journalctl -u rustchain-exporter`
+
+### Prometheus not scraping
+
+Verify target in Prometheus UI: Status → Targets
+
+### Grafana shows no data
+
+Check datasource URL is `http://prometheus:9090` and that Prometheus is successfully scraping the exporter.