ci: expand image build matrix and align PR, push, and release workflows

[plexoos]

This PR updates the container build workflows to use explicit build variants instead of relying on default Docker build arguments, and aligns image tagging across PR, push, and release jobs.

Why

Previously, the PR workflow only varied target, so builds implicitly depended on Dockerfile defaults for OS, CUDA, and OptiX. This change makes the tested and published build variants explicit, improves tag clarity, and keeps the PR smoke and test jobs aligned with the supported image combinations.

Notes

• PR release smoke now runs the same variant set as develop test, but on GitHub-hosted Ubuntu since it only builds and does not require GPU execution
• develop test image tags now include Geant4 so each tested variant is uniquely identified

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Updates the container build GitHub Actions workflows to make build variants (OS/CUDA/OptiX/Geant4) explicit in PR testing and to standardize image tag structure across PR, branch-push, and release builds.

Changes:

• Expand the PR workflow into explicit build matrices for a release “smoke build” and develop “build+test” across multiple OS/CUDA/OptiX/Geant4 combinations.
• Update push/release tagging to include CUDA/OS/OptiX details and add CUDA-major short tags; add a devel alias for the default CUDA major on pushes.
• Simplify the release workflow by removing explicit Geant4/CMake matrix/build-args (falling back to Dockerfile defaults).

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 3 out of 3 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

File	Description
.github/workflows/build-pull-request.yaml	Adds explicit build variants, a release smoke build, and develop tests with variant-specific tags and caching.
.github/workflows/build-push.yaml	Switches from target-based tags to variant tags + CUDA-major short tags; adds devel alias tagging.
.github/workflows/release.yaml	Aligns release tags with the new variant-based scheme and removes Geant4/CMake build-args from the release job.

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[Copilot]

@plexoos I've opened a new pull request, #246, to work on those changes. Once the pull request is ready, I'll request review from you.

[plexoos]

@codex review

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Reviewed commit: 7dc55a85ec

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[plexoos]

@codex review again

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Reviewed commit: a0d525ac5c

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