@@ -525,7 +525,12 @@ export function WebuiWorkspacePanel({ state, dispatch, sessionId, workspaceDir,
     terminal.open(host);
     let disposed = false;
     let initialFitFrame: number | undefined;
-    void document.fonts.ready.then(() => {
+    // The grid is measured once the fonts have landed: a measurement taken
+    // against fallback glyphs is a measurement of the wrong grid. The wait
+    // comes from the browser platform, because a panel that reached for
+    // `document` itself would be a panel that could only be placed against a
+    // browser.
+    void dom.whenFontsReady().then(() => {
       if (disposed) return;
       initialFitFrame = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
         if (disposed) return;
@@ -570,7 +575,7 @@ export function WebuiWorkspacePanel({ state, dispatch, sessionId, workspaceDir,
     const input = terminal.onData((data) => { if (terminalOwner?.canWrite) void terminalOwner.write(terminalId, data); });
     let disposed = false;
     let initialFitFrame: number | undefined;
-    void document.fonts.ready.then(() => {
+    void dom.whenFontsReady().then(() => {
       if (disposed) return;
       initialFitFrame = requestAnimationFrame(() => {
         if (disposed) return;
 
@@ -101,6 +101,20 @@ export interface WebuiBrowserDom {
    * palette.
    */
   readonly readCssVariable: (name: string, fallback: string) => string;
+  /**
+   * Resolves once the document's fonts have loaded.
+   *
+   * A terminal measures its grid after the fonts land: a measurement taken
+   * against fallback glyphs is a measurement of the wrong grid, and the shell
+   * that follows it resizes to a size the terminal never had. The wait
+   * belongs to the platform for the same reason the resize listener does — a
+   * component that reaches for `document` directly is a component that cannot
+   * be placed against anything but a browser.
+   *
+   * A platform with no document resolves at once: there are no fonts to wait
+   * for, so the caller measures the grid it has.
+   */
+  readonly whenFontsReady: () => Promise<void>;
   /**
    * Creates a drawing surface.
    *
@@ -223,6 +237,11 @@ export function createWebuiBrowserDom(
         .trim();
       return value || fallback;
     },
+    whenFontsReady: () => {
+      const fonts = documentObject?.fonts;
+      if (!fonts) return Promise.resolve();
+      return fonts.ready.then(() => undefined);
+    },
     createCanvas: (width, height) => {
       if (!documentObject) return null;
       const canvas = documentObject.createElement("canvas");
 
@@ -21,27 +21,47 @@ for (const state of ["absent", "not-ready"]) {
     }, state);
     await openApp(page);
     await openTerminal(page);
-    await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端", exact: true })).toBeDisabled();
+
+    // The terminal action is off: the panel says why it is off, and it opens
+    // no terminal and watches none.
     await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).toContainText(state === "absent" ? "未提供终端" : "终端服务尚未就绪");
+    await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length)).toBe(0);
+    expect(await page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.watchedTerminalIds())).toEqual([]);
+
+    // Only that action is off: the rest of the client keeps working.
     await expect(page.getByPlaceholder("输入消息…（输入 / 唤起命令）")).toBeEnabled();
+
+    // The service comes back. The client re-reads the handshake, so the
+    // readiness refreshes and the panel stops saying the terminal is missing.
     await page.evaluate(() => {
       window.__fixture.setResponse("version", { version: "fixture", protocolVersion: 1, capabilities: { terminal: "supported" } });
       window.__fixture.dropAll();
     });
-    await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+    await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).not.toContainText(state === "absent" ? "未提供终端" : "终端服务尚未就绪", { timeout: 15_000 });
+
+    // And the action works again: the terminal opens for the tab that asked
+    // for it, and the panel watches it.
+    await page.getByRole("button", { name: "关闭面板" }).click();
+    await page.getByTestId("workspace-panel-controls").getByRole("button", { name: "浏览器" }).click();
+    await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length)).toBe(1);
+    await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.watchedTerminalIds().length)).toBe(1);
   });
 }
 
 test("V19/V35 an older roster permits an unverified attempt and permission denial stays a call refusal", async ({ page }) => {
   await configureFixture(page, () => window.__fixture.refuseOperation("createTerminal", "permission_denied", "Synthetic terminal permission denied"));
   await openApp(page);
   await openTerminal(page);
-  const create = page.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端", exact: true });
-  await expect(create).toBeEnabled();
-  await create.click();
+
+  // An older service declares nothing, so the attempt is still permitted:
+  // the panel does not claim the terminal is missing, and the create goes out.
+  await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).not.toContainText("未提供终端", { timeout: 15_000 });
+  await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.requests.some((request) => request.operation === "createTerminal"))).toBe(true);
+
+  // The refusal stays a call refusal: the panel reports it and nothing else
+  // stops working.
   await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).toContainText("Synthetic terminal permission denied");
-  await expect(create).toBeEnabled();
-  await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).not.toContainText("未提供终端");
+  await expect(page.getByPlaceholder("输入消息…（输入 / 唤起命令）")).toBeEnabled();
 });
 
 test("V29 protocol incompatibility is a startup failure before business ingress", async ({ page }) => {
 
@@ -51,7 +51,9 @@ test("the browser control shows its browser glyph and opens a new tab page by de
   await openApp(page);
 
   const browserButton = page.getByTestId("workspace-panel-controls").getByRole("button", { name: "浏览器" });
-  await expect(browserButton).toHaveAttribute("title", "浏览器");
+  // The control is an icon, so it carries its name in `aria-label` rather
+  // than in a tooltip title.
+  await expect(browserButton).toHaveAttribute("aria-label", "浏览器");
   // The control's glyph is the tabler browser icon. It used to be a globe
   // drawn as an SVG circle, and the library draws this one as paths, so the
   // assertion names the icon rather than the shape it happens to be made of.
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ test("the launcher's address box opens a page, and the panel is a window around
 
   // The window: a toolbar with the url in an address bar, and the page.
   await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar")).toBeVisible();
-  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveText("https://example.test/");
+  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveValue("https://example.test/");
   await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-panel-frame")).toBeVisible();
 
   // A window has no heading above its page, and no list of the browser's pages
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ test("the strip shows the page the runtime published, and the panel follows it",
 
   // Choosing one brings its page to the front, and the address bar names it.
   await page.getByRole("tab", { name: "Another Page" }).click();
-  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveText("https://another.test/");
+  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveValue("https://another.test/");
   await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-panel-frame")).toBeVisible();
 });
 
@@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ test("a gesture names the page in front, not the page the Agent is on", async ({
   await openApp(page);
   await openPanel(page);
   await page.getByRole("tab", { name: "Person page" }).click();
-  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveText("https://person.test/");
+  await expect(page.getByTestId("browser-toolbar-url")).toHaveValue("https://person.test/");
 
   await page.getByTestId("browser-panel-frame").click();
 
 
@@ -393,8 +393,11 @@ export function installFixtureTransport() {
     // would make every terminal vanish with the page that opened it, and the
     // cross-page assertion would then be asserting the fixture rather than the
     // client. The runtime's own shape is reproduced exactly — `{terminalId,
-    // status, output}` per `server/operation/handlers/terminal.ts` — because a
-    // roster that answered `{}` would only be testing the client's tolerance.
+    // status, output, workspaceTabId}` per `server/operation/handlers/terminal.ts`
+    // — because a roster that answered `{}` would only be testing the client's
+    // tolerance. The `workspaceTabId` is the tab the terminal was opened for:
+    // the client binds a terminal to the workspace tab that asked for it, and
+    // reads that binding back out of the roster.
     if (operation === "createTerminal") {
       const sequence = Number(window.localStorage.getItem(terminalSequenceKey) ?? "0") + 1;
       window.localStorage.setItem(terminalSequenceKey, String(sequence));
@@ -406,12 +409,18 @@ export function installFixtureTransport() {
         // The synthetic process returns a banner so the client can distinguish
         // an opened terminal from an empty xterm host.
         output: `synthetic shell ${terminalId}\r\n$ `,
+        ...(typeof body?.workspaceTabId === "string" ? { workspaceTabId: body.workspaceTabId } : {}),
       });
       writeTerminals(terminals);
       return { terminalId, status: "running" };
     }
     if (operation === "listTerminals")
-      return readTerminals().map(({ terminalId, status, output }) => ({ terminalId, status, output }));
+      return readTerminals().map(({ terminalId, status, output, workspaceTabId }) => ({
+        terminalId,
+        status,
+        output,
+        ...(typeof workspaceTabId === "string" ? { workspaceTabId } : {}),
+      }));
     if (operation === "writeTerminal") {
       // The echo is what makes a written byte observable in the browser: the
       // client sends it, and only a process that answers with it can prove the
@@ -823,7 +832,12 @@ export function installFixtureTransport() {
     },
     /** The PTY processes the runtime currently holds. */
     terminals() {
-      return readTerminals().map(({ terminalId, status, output }) => ({ terminalId, status, output }));
+      return readTerminals().map(({ terminalId, status, output, workspaceTabId }) => ({
+        terminalId,
+        status,
+        output,
+        ...(typeof workspaceTabId === "string" ? { workspaceTabId } : {}),
+      }));
     },
     /** Which terminals have at least one live watcher attached right now. */
     watchedTerminalIds() {
 
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ test("V04/V06: native PTYs survive another page, reload and a full five-slot ros
   await expect(page.locator(`[data-webui-session-link="${created.session.sessionId}"]`)).toHaveAttribute("data-webui-session-active", "true")
     .catch((error) => { throw new Error(`${error.message}\n${JSON.stringify(wire)}`); });
   await openTerminal(page);
-  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端" }).click();
+  // The terminal tab asked the runtime for a terminal, and the runtime made
+  // one: there is no separate "create" gesture any more.
   await expect.poll(async () => (await rpc(page, "listTerminals")).length).toBe(1)
     .catch(async (error) => { throw new Error(`${error.message}\n${await page.locator("body").innerText()}`); });
   const [terminal] = await rpc(page, "listTerminals");
@@ -101,9 +102,10 @@ test("V04/V06: native PTYs survive another page, reload and a full five-slot ros
   const latePage = await context.newPage();
   await latePage.goto(url);
   await expect(latePage.locator(`[data-webui-session-link="${created.session.sessionId}"]`)).toHaveAttribute("data-webui-session-active", "true");
-  await openTerminal(latePage);
   const spawned = once(child, "message");
-  await latePage.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端" }).click();
+  // The terminal tab asks for its terminal as soon as it is open, so the hold
+  // has to be armed before the tab is.
+  await openTerminal(latePage);
   expect((await spawned)[0]).toEqual({ created: true });
   await latePage.close();
   const released = once(child, "message"); child.send("release-create"); await released;
 
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@
 // was no longer listed or watchable anywhere. The Terminal owner now holds that
 // truth, and process lifetime belongs to `disposeProcess` / `disposeAll`.
 //
+// A terminal is opened for a workspace tab, and the runtime records that
+// binding: the tab that asked for the PTY is the tab that finds it again in
+// the roster. Two pages that open the same terminal tab therefore meet the
+// same process, and the panel that goes away releases its watch without
+// ending it.
+//
 // A unit test can prove the owner keeps a record, but only the built client can
 // prove what the row is actually about: that a PTY created while session A was
 // on screen is still listed, still watched and still producing output after the
@@ -32,20 +38,14 @@ const openTerminalTab = async (page) => {
   await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).toHaveAttribute("data-active-tab", "terminal");
 };
 
-const createTerminal = async (page) => {
-  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "新建终端" }).click();
-  await expect
-    .poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length))
-    .toBeGreaterThan(0);
-};
-
 test("a PTY created on one page is listed and watched from another", async ({ page }) => {
   await configureFixture(page, () => undefined);
   await openApp(page);
 
   await openTerminalTab(page);
-  await createTerminal(page);
-
+  // The tab asked the runtime for a terminal, and the runtime made one: the
+  // process belongs to the runtime, not to the tab that opened it.
+  await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length)).toBe(1);
   const created = await page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals());
   expect(created).toHaveLength(1);
   const { terminalId } = created[0];
@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ test("a PTY created on one page is listed and watched from another", async ({ pa
   await configureFixture(pageB, () => undefined);
   await openApp(pageB);
   await openTerminalTab(pageB);
-  await expect(pageB.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).toContainText("#1");
+  // The catalogue the runtime answers is the runtime's: it still holds the PTY
+  // the first page opened, and the second page adopts that process rather than
+  // asking for another one.
   await expect
     .poll(() => pageB.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.watchedTerminalIds()))
     .toContain(terminalId);
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ test("a PTY created on one page is listed and watched from another", async ({ pa
   expect(await page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals()[0]?.status)).toBe("running");
 
   // The roster holds exactly the PTY created before the round trip. A fixture
-  // or an owner that re-created on attach would show two tabs here.
+  // or an owner that re-created on attach would show two rows here.
   const final = await page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals());
   expect(final).toHaveLength(1);
   expect(final[0].terminalId).toBe(terminalId);
@@ -97,15 +99,14 @@ test("a PTY created on one page is listed and watched from another", async ({ pa
   expect(delivered).toBe(1);
 });
 
-test("a watch is released without ending the process, and a disposed PTY does not come back", async ({
+test("a watch is released without ending the process, and an ended PTY does not come back", async ({
   page,
 }) => {
   await configureFixture(page, () => undefined);
   await openApp(page);
 
   await openTerminalTab(page);
-  await createTerminal(page);
-
+  await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length)).toBe(1);
   const { terminalId } = (await page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals()))[0];
 
   // Closing the panel detaches the watch. The row is about the two halves being
@@ -119,15 +120,16 @@ test("a watch is released without ending the process, and a disposed PTY does no
   expect(stillRunning).toHaveLength(1);
   expect(stillRunning[0].status).toBe("running");
 
-  // An explicit close is the other half: it ends the process, and the roster
-  // loses the row rather than reporting it as exited-but-present.
-  await openTerminalTab(page);
-  await page.locator(".webui-terminal-actions").getByRole("button", { name: "关闭" }).click();
-
-  await expect
-    .poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals().length))
-    .toBe(0);
-  await expect
-    .poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.watchedTerminalIds()))
-    .not.toContain(terminalId);
+  // The other half: the process ends on the runtime's side. The roster keeps
+  // the row, so the client still knows that tab's terminal, and it must not
+  // answer the ending by opening another process for the same tab.
+  const creates = () => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.requests.filter(
+    (request) => request.operation === "createTerminal",
+  ).length);
+  const before = await creates();
+  expect(await page.evaluate((id) => window.__fixture.exitTerminal(id), terminalId)).toBe(true);
+  await page.getByTestId("workspace-panel-controls").getByRole("button", { name: "浏览器" }).click();
+  await expect(page.getByTestId("workspace-panel")).toHaveAttribute("data-active-tab", "terminal");
+  await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => window.__fixture.terminals()[0]?.status)).toBe("exited");
+  expect(await creates()).toBe(before);
 });
@@ -530,7 +530,10 @@ describe.skipIf(!available)("the acceptance of the workspace browser tab model",
         const state = reduceWorkspacePanelState(panel(), { type: "open-new-tab" });
         const tabId = state.activeTabId!;
         const url = webuiWorkspaceLauncherUrl("example.test");
-        expect(url).toBe("https://example.test");
+        // The launcher hands the browser the same canonical address the
+        // address bar uses, so a bare host arrives with the root path the
+        // URL parser gives it.
+        expect(url).toBe("https://example.test/");
 
         const entry = handler("openBrowserWebTab");
         const opened = (await entry.handle(
 
@@ -136,11 +136,12 @@ describe("a web tab's toolbar", () => {
   });
 
   it("is carried by the browser business's host, over the tab's target", () => {
-    // The toolbar is rendered by the host the strip mounts, and the strip hands
-    // it the tab's own target and url — so the row and the frame describe the
-    // same page rather than a pair that has drifted.
-    expect(WORKSPACE_PANELS_SOURCE).toContain("canGoBack={activeTab.content.canGoBack}");
-    expect(WORKSPACE_PANELS_SOURCE).toContain("canGoForward={activeTab.content.canGoForward}");
+    // The toolbar is rendered by the host the panel mounts, and the panel hands
+    // it one tab's own target and url — so the row and the frame describe the
+    // same page rather than a pair that has drifted. That tab is the one the
+    // panel kept mounted, which is the one whose frame the reader is looking at.
+    expect(WORKSPACE_PANELS_SOURCE).toContain("canGoBack={browserTab.content.canGoBack}");
+    expect(WORKSPACE_PANELS_SOURCE).toContain("canGoForward={browserTab.content.canGoForward}");
     expect(WORKSPACE_PANELS_SOURCE).toContain('type: "return-web-tab-to-launcher"');
   });