diff --git a/pkg/apis/v1/labels.go b/pkg/apis/v1/labels.go
index c2740def4df5..6ddaa412f73c 100644
--- a/pkg/apis/v1/labels.go
+++ b/pkg/apis/v1/labels.go
@@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ var (
 	AnnotationEC2NodeClassHashVersion        = apis.Group + "/ec2nodeclass-hash-version"
 	AnnotationInstanceTagged                 = apis.Group + "/tagged"
 	AnnotationInstanceProfile                = apis.Group + "/instance-profile-name"
+	AnnotationInstanceInterrupted            = apis.Group + "/instance-interrupted"
 
 	NodeClaimTagKey          = coreapis.Group + "/nodeclaim"
 	NameTagKey               = "Name"
diff --git a/pkg/cloudprovider/cloudprovider.go b/pkg/cloudprovider/cloudprovider.go
index 7e2ca909ec69..926ff113f9d1 100644
--- a/pkg/cloudprovider/cloudprovider.go
+++ b/pkg/cloudprovider/cloudprovider.go
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/apis"
 	v1 "github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/apis/v1"
+	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/controllers/interruption"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/operator/options"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/utils"
 
@@ -249,6 +250,19 @@ func (c *CloudProvider) Delete(ctx context.Context, nodeClaim *karpv1.NodeClaim)
 	if id := nodeClaim.Labels[cloudprovider.ReservationIDLabel]; id != "" && cloudprovider.IsNodeClaimNotFoundError(err) {
 		c.capacityReservationProvider.MarkTerminated(id)
 	}
+
+	if cloudprovider.IsNodeClaimNotFoundError(err) && isInterruptibleInstance(nodeClaim) {
+		capacityType := nodeClaim.Labels[karpv1.CapacityTypeLabelKey]
+		instanceInterrupted := nodeClaim.Annotations[v1.AnnotationInstanceInterrupted]
+		if instanceInterrupted == "" {
+			log.FromContext(ctx).Info("detected instance termination without interruption notification",
+				"capacity-type", capacityType)
+			interruption.MissedInterruptionTerminations.Inc(map[string]string{
+				"capacity_type": capacityType,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -482,3 +496,16 @@ func newTerminatingNodeClassError(name string) *errors.StatusError {
 	err.ErrStatus.Message = fmt.Sprintf("%s %q is terminating, treating as not found", qualifiedResource.String(), name)
 	return err
 }
+
+func isInterruptibleInstance(nodeClaim *karpv1.NodeClaim) bool {
+	capacityType := nodeClaim.Labels[karpv1.CapacityTypeLabelKey]
+	if capacityType == karpv1.CapacityTypeSpot {
+		return true
+	}
+	if capacityType == karpv1.CapacityTypeReserved {
+		if interruptibleLabel, ok := nodeClaim.Labels[v1.LabelCapacityReservationInterruptible]; ok && interruptibleLabel == "true" {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/pkg/cloudprovider/suite_test.go b/pkg/cloudprovider/suite_test.go
index 1ffd14a4bea6..04e7070ccd84 100644
--- a/pkg/cloudprovider/suite_test.go
+++ b/pkg/cloudprovider/suite_test.go
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/apis"
 	v1 "github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/apis/v1"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/cloudprovider"
+	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/controllers/interruption"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/controllers/nodeclass"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/fake"
 	"github.com/aws/karpenter-provider-aws/pkg/operator/options"
@@ -1517,4 +1518,44 @@ var _ = Describe("CloudProvider", func() {
 			Entry("when the capacity reservation type is capacity-block", v1.CapacityReservationTypeCapacityBlock, false),
 		)
 	})
+	Context("Interruption Metric Tracking", func() {
+		It("should increment MissedInterruptionTerminations metric depending on interruption annotation", func() {
+			nodePool.Spec.Template.Spec.Requirements = []karpv1.NodeSelectorRequirementWithMinValues{
+				{
+					Key:      karpv1.CapacityTypeLabelKey,
+					Operator: corev1.NodeSelectorOpIn,
+					Values:   []string{karpv1.CapacityTypeSpot},
+				},
+			}
+			nodeClass.Spec.Kubelet = &v1.KubeletConfiguration{
+				MaxPods: aws.Int32(1),
+			}
+			ExpectApplied(ctx, env.Client, nodePool, nodeClass)
+			for range 2 {
+				pod := coretest.UnschedulablePod()
+				ExpectApplied(ctx, env.Client, pod)
+				ExpectProvisioned(ctx, env.Client, cluster, cloudProvider, prov, pod)
+				ExpectScheduled(ctx, env.Client, pod)
+			}
+			ncs := ExpectNodeClaims(ctx, env.Client)
+			Expect(ncs).To(HaveLen(2))
+
+			// add annotation to only 1 nodeclaim
+			ncs[0].Annotations = lo.Assign(ncs[0].Annotations, map[string]string{
+				v1.AnnotationInstanceInterrupted: "true",
+			})
+			ExpectApplied(ctx, env.Client, ncs[0])
+
+			// mock underlying instance as already terminated
+			awsEnv.EC2API.DescribeInstancesBehavior.Output.Set(&ec2.DescribeInstancesOutput{
+				Reservations: []ec2types.Reservation{},
+			})
+			err1 := cloudProvider.Delete(ctx, ncs[0])
+			err2 := cloudProvider.Delete(ctx, ncs[1])
+			Expect(corecloudprovider.IsNodeClaimNotFoundError(err1)).To(BeTrue())
+			Expect(corecloudprovider.IsNodeClaimNotFoundError(err2)).To(BeTrue())
+			// one nodeclaim did not have the interrupted annotation
+			ExpectMetricCounterValue(interruption.MissedInterruptionTerminations, 1, map[string]string{"capacity_type": karpv1.CapacityTypeSpot})
+		})
+	})
 })
diff --git a/pkg/controllers/interruption/controller.go b/pkg/controllers/interruption/controller.go
index 70f05c10a64c..43758153b42d 100644
--- a/pkg/controllers/interruption/controller.go
+++ b/pkg/controllers/interruption/controller.go
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@ import (
 	sqstypes "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sqs/types"
 	"github.com/awslabs/operatorpkg/reconciler"
 	"github.com/awslabs/operatorpkg/singleton"
+	"github.com/samber/lo"
 	"go.uber.org/multierr"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/equality"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/util/workqueue"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 	"k8s.io/utils/clock"
@@ -241,6 +243,15 @@ func (c *Controller) handleNodeClaim(ctx context.Context, msg messages.Message,
 	}
 
 	if action != NoAction {
+		stored := nodeClaim.DeepCopy()
+		nodeClaim.Annotations = lo.Assign(nodeClaim.Annotations, map[string]string{
+			v1.AnnotationInstanceInterrupted: "true",
+		})
+		if !equality.Semantic.DeepEqual(stored, nodeClaim) {
+			if err := c.kubeClient.Patch(ctx, nodeClaim, client.MergeFrom(stored)); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("annotating nodeclaim as interrupted, %w", err)
+			}
+		}
 		return c.deleteNodeClaim(ctx, msg, nodeClaim, node)
 	}
 	return nil
diff --git a/pkg/controllers/interruption/metrics.go b/pkg/controllers/interruption/metrics.go
index 655183f4190b..2fa33876bd32 100644
--- a/pkg/controllers/interruption/metrics.go
+++ b/pkg/controllers/interruption/metrics.go
@@ -28,6 +28,16 @@ const (
 )
 
 var (
+	MissedInterruptionTerminations = opmetrics.NewPrometheusCounter(
+		crmetrics.Registry,
+		prometheus.CounterOpts{
+			Namespace: metrics.Namespace,
+			Subsystem: interruptionSubsystem,
+			Name:      "missed_termination_total",
+			Help:      "Count of instance terminations that were not notified via SQS interruption messages",
+		},
+		[]string{metrics.CapacityTypeLabel},
+	)
 	ReceivedMessages = opmetrics.NewPrometheusCounter(
 		crmetrics.Registry,
 		prometheus.CounterOpts{
diff --git a/website/content/en/preview/reference/metrics.md b/website/content/en/preview/reference/metrics.md
index 386ee4f8e912..ac7fe702ab5f 100644
--- a/website/content/en/preview/reference/metrics.md
+++ b/website/content/en/preview/reference/metrics.md
@@ -275,6 +275,10 @@ Amount of time an interruption message is on the queue before it is processed by
 Count of messages deleted from the SQS queue.
 - Stability Level: STABLE
 
+### `karpenter_interruption_missed_termination_total`
+Count of instance terminations that were not notified via SQS interruption messages
+- Stability Level: STABLE
+
 ## Cluster Metrics
 
 ### `karpenter_cluster_utilization_percent`