@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line() {
77 local varname value number_of_lines
88
99 if [ -z " $1 " ]; then
10- echo " $0 : ERROR: No variable name provided to check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line." >&2
10+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : ERROR: No variable name provided to check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line." >&2
1111 return 1
1212 fi
1313
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line() {
1919
2020 # Check if value is empty or only contains spaces/newlines.
2121 if [[ -z " $trimmed_value " || -z " ${value// [[:space:]]/ } " ]]; then
22- echo " $0 : ERROR: Variable '$varname ' is empty or contains only whitespace/newlines." >&2
22+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : ERROR: Variable '$varname ' is empty or contains only whitespace/newlines." >&2
2323 return 1
2424 fi
2525
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line() {
2828 number_of_lines=" ${# lines[@]} "
2929
3030 if [ " $number_of_lines " -ne 1 ]; then
31- echo " $0 : ERROR: Variable '$varname ' contains more than one line. Content:
31+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : ERROR: Variable '$varname ' contains more than one line. Content:
3232'$value '" >&2
3333 return 1
3434 fi
@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ trim_collapse_split() {
4545 local trimmed_list cleaned_list formatted_list
4646
4747 # # Step 1: Trim leading and trailing spaces.
48- trimmed_list=" $( echo " $input_list " | sed ' s/^\s\+//g; s/\s\+$//g' ) "
48+ trimmed_list=" $( printf ' %s\n ' " $input_list " | sed ' s/^\s\+//g; s/\s\+$//g' ) "
4949
5050 # # Step 2: Replace multiple spaces with a single space.
51- cleaned_list=" $( echo " $trimmed_list " | sed ' s/\s\+/ /g' ) "
51+ cleaned_list=" $( printf ' %s\n ' " $trimmed_list " | sed ' s/\s\+/ /g' ) "
5252
5353 # # Step 3: Replace spaces with ' \n' (newline prefixed by space).
54- formatted_list=" $( echo " $cleaned_list " | sed ' s/\s/ \\\n/g' ) "
54+ formatted_list=" $( printf ' %s\n ' " $cleaned_list " | sed ' s/\s/ \\\n/g' ) "
5555
56- echo " $formatted_list "
56+ printf ' %s\n ' " $formatted_list "
5757}
5858
5959# # success: whole numbers such as 1 2 3 456 etc.
@@ -78,18 +78,18 @@ run_test() {
7878 expected_exit_code=" $4 "
7979
8080 eval " $varname =\"\$ value\" "
81- echo " $0 : Running test: $test_name "
81+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : Running test: $test_name "
8282
8383 exit_code=0
8484 check_is_not_empty_and_only_one_line " $varname " 2> /dev/null || { exit_code=$? ; true ; };
8585
8686 if [ " $exit_code " -eq " $expected_exit_code " ]; then
87- echo " $0 : Test Passed"
87+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : Test Passed"
8888 else
89- echo " $0 : Test Failed (Expected exit code: $expected_exit_code , Got: $exit_code )" >&2
89+ printf ' %s\n ' " $0 : Test Failed (Expected exit code: $expected_exit_code , Got: $exit_code )" >&2
9090 return 1
9191 fi
92- echo " ---------------------------------"
92+ printf ' %s\n ' " ---------------------------------"
9393}
9494
9595tests () {
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